B
Barometric pressure
Barometric pressure is a physical quantity that expresses the ratio between the weight force of the... Barometric pressure is a physical quantity that expresses the ratio between the weight force of the column of air bearing down on a surface, present at any point in the earth's atmosphere, and the mea... Barometric pressure is a physical quantity that expresses the ratio between the weight force of the column of air bearing down on a surface, present at any point in the earth's atmosphere, and the measurement of the area of the surface itself. It is measured in the international system in pascals with barometer. Finapp probe measures atmospheric pressure to get more accurate neutron and muon count...
BWE – Biomass water Equivalent
BWE represents the water present within the biomass as well as hydrogen present in the biomass tissu... BWE represents the water present within the biomass as well as hydrogen present in the biomass tissue. It is a historically difficult parameter to measure, but one that gives an excellent indication o... BWE represents the water present within the biomass as well as hydrogen present in the biomass tissue. It is a historically difficult parameter to measure, but one that gives an excellent indication of the growth status of a crop. Finapp' probes are the only ones that can provide a representative large-scale, real-time BWE measurement, giving farmers objective data on the growth of their crops.
C
Calibration
Calibration verifies the precision and reproducibility of measurement instruments, such as sensors a... Calibration verifies the precision and reproducibility of measurement instruments, such as sensors and measuring systems. Each Finapp' probe is calibrated directly by the headquarter, thanks to the pr... Calibration verifies the precision and reproducibility of measurement instruments, such as sensors and measuring systems. Each Finapp' probe is calibrated directly by the headquarter, thanks to the presence of a sample probe whose efficiency and neutron and muon counting characteristics are all known.
CLIMATE-SMART AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an approach that helps guide actions to transform agri-food syste... Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an approach that helps guide actions to transform agri-food systems towards green and climate resilient practices. CSA supports reaching internationally agreed goals... Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an approach that helps guide actions to transform agri-food systems towards green and climate resilient practices. CSA supports reaching internationally agreed goals such as the SDGs and the Paris Agreement. It aims to tackle three main objectives: sustainably increasing agricultural productivity and incomes; adapting and building resilience to climate change; an...
Cosmic Rays
Cosmic Rays are high-energy particles and atomic nuclei that, moving almost at the speed of light, s... Cosmic Rays are high-energy particles and atomic nuclei that, moving almost at the speed of light, strike the Earth from all directions. As the name implies, they come from the Cosmos, that is, from t... Cosmic Rays are high-energy particles and atomic nuclei that, moving almost at the speed of light, strike the Earth from all directions. As the name implies, they come from the Cosmos, that is, from the space around us. The vast
CRNPs
Cosmic ray neutron sensing probes are cosmic rays and neutrons detection probes. Cosmic ray neutron sensing probes are cosmic rays and neutrons detection probes. Cosmic ray neutron sensing probes are cosmic rays and neutrons detection probes.
CRNS
Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing - is an innovative technique for measuring water content using cosmic ray... Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing - is an innovative technique for measuring water content using cosmic rays. It bridges the gap between point-scale and satellite, measuring water content on the hectare scal... Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing - is an innovative technique for measuring water content using cosmic rays. It bridges the gap between point-scale and satellite, measuring water content on the hectare scale. CRNS technology has been known for several years and widely validated by the scientific community, but it is not widespread outside of academia. For Finapp is new way of measuring water, a new scal...
D
DATA LOGGER
A data logger is a device used to store data. Often, a data logger is a complete (stand-alone) instr... A data logger is a device used to store data. Often, a data logger is a complete (stand-alone) instrument, capable of reading different types of electrical signals and storing the data in internal mem... A data logger is a device used to store data. Often, a data logger is a complete (stand-alone) instrument, capable of reading different types of electrical signals and storing the data in internal memory, then making it downloadable by a user. The Finapp' probe has a data logger embedded into the electronic board: this makes it much easier to download data, lowering instrumentation size, power con...
Digital I/O Ports
The digital I/O ports are Input/output ports that sense status, read external sensors such us, tempe... The digital I/O ports are Input/output ports that sense status, read external sensors such us, temperature, humidity, rain gauges, barometirc pressure etc. Finapp datalogger has additional modules tha... The digital I/O ports are Input/output ports that sense status, read external sensors such us, temperature, humidity, rain gauges, barometirc pressure etc. Finapp datalogger has additional modules that make it compatible with popular communication protocols such as SD-12, LoRa and RS-232.
DRIP IRRIGATION
Drip irrigation or trickle irrigation is a type of micro-irrigation system that has the potential to... Drip irrigation or trickle irrigation is a type of micro-irrigation system that has the potential to save water and nutrients by allowing water to drip. Drip irrigation involves placing tubing with em... Drip irrigation or trickle irrigation is a type of micro-irrigation system that has the potential to save water and nutrients by allowing water to drip. Drip irrigation involves placing tubing with emitters on the ground along side the plants. The emitters slowly drip water into the soil at the root zone. This type of irrigation made it very difficult to measure soil moisture with point probes, si...
Drought
Drought arises from inadequate rainfall or snowfall, resulting in water scarcity, parched soil, and... Drought arises from inadequate rainfall or snowfall, resulting in water scarcity, parched soil, and crop harm. The beginning and end of droughts are uncertain, while prolonged ones significantly disru... Drought arises from inadequate rainfall or snowfall, resulting in water scarcity, parched soil, and crop harm. The beginning and end of droughts are uncertain, while prolonged ones significantly disrupt both water and food supply, sometimes even prompting involuntary migration.The effects of climate change (for example) include sea level rises, and increased frequencies of droughts, storms, and ex...
E
EARLY WARNING
Early-warning is used to predict an hazard situation that will affect a given geographic area, in a... Early-warning is used to predict an hazard situation that will affect a given geographic area, in a given time frame, due to one or more adverse phenomena such as flooding, landslides, fire. Finapp pr... Early-warning is used to predict an hazard situation that will affect a given geographic area, in a given time frame, due to one or more adverse phenomena such as flooding, landslides, fire. Finapp produces a forecast for the risk of landslides, floods, and fires, based on soil moisture data measured by Finapp' probes, past and future weather data, and ad hoc models.
EMERGENCY IRRIGATION
Water stress is a temporary or prolonged condition of lack of water, usually at soil level. Like all... Water stress is a temporary or prolonged condition of lack of water, usually at soil level. Like all plant stresses, it can cause primary or secondary damage to the plant. Irrigation in viticulture is... Water stress is a temporary or prolonged condition of lack of water, usually at soil level. Like all plant stresses, it can cause primary or secondary damage to the plant. Irrigation in viticulture is the process of applying supplemental water in vine cultivation.
Epithermal neutrons
A neutron with low kinetic energy, generated by the interaction between fast neutrons and water mole... A neutron with low kinetic energy, generated by the interaction between fast neutrons and water molecules present in the soil and snow. Measurable only with heavy and expensive probes. For Finapp, it... A neutron with low kinetic energy, generated by the interaction between fast neutrons and water molecules present in the soil and snow. Measurable only with heavy and expensive probes. For Finapp, it is the most important particle: it is the messenger that brings the information about the amount of water in the soil or snow, tens of meters away from the probe, precisely because it is able to trave...
Evapotranspiration (Et0)
The evapotranspiration means the amount of water no longer available in the soil due to evaporation... The evapotranspiration means the amount of water no longer available in the soil due to evaporation and transpiration. Transpiration is the movement of liquid through a plant then released through the... The evapotranspiration means the amount of water no longer available in the soil due to evaporation and transpiration. Transpiration is the movement of liquid through a plant then released through the stomata of the plant as water vapor. There are several methods for estimating evapotranspiration, the most common are the Penman Monteith equation and Bowen ratio technique. Using Finapp probes, it i...
F
Fast neutron (FN)
A neutron with high kinetic energy, part of the particle cascade that forms cosmic radiation. Imposs... A neutron with high kinetic energy, part of the particle cascade that forms cosmic radiation. Impossible to measure without very expensive and complex instrumentation. For Finapp is a particle of fund... A neutron with high kinetic energy, part of the particle cascade that forms cosmic radiation. Impossible to measure without very expensive and complex instrumentation. For Finapp is a particle of fundamental importance because it provides the initial reference number to calculate how much water is present around the probes. Fast neutrons can be easily measured thanks to muons: this innovation is p...
FINAPP
Finapp is an innovative Startup, Spinoff of the University of Padua, that brings innovation to CRNS... Finapp is an innovative Startup, Spinoff of the University of Padua, that brings innovation to CRNS probes. The name comes from "FIsica Nucleare APPlicata" - the Physics Department of the University o... Finapp is an innovative Startup, Spinoff of the University of Padua, that brings innovation to CRNS probes. The name comes from "FIsica Nucleare APPlicata" - the Physics Department of the University of Padua (Italy),where the innovative idea of producing small, lightweight, compact, inexpensive, highly efficient CRNS sensors was born.
FREQUENCY DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY (FDR) / Time Domain reflectometry (TDR)
Frequency domain (FD) sensor is an instrument developed for measuring soil moisture content. The ins... Frequency domain (FD) sensor is an instrument developed for measuring soil moisture content. The instrument has an oscillating circuit, the sensing part of the sensor is embedded in the soil, and the... Frequency domain (FD) sensor is an instrument developed for measuring soil moisture content. The instrument has an oscillating circuit, the sensing part of the sensor is embedded in the soil, and the operating frequency will depend on the value of soil's dielectric constant. Time domain reflectometer (TDR), determine the water content of the soil by measuring the dielectric properties of the soil...
G
Gamma Ray
A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol γ or γ\gamma ), is a penetrating form of electrom... A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol γ or γ\gamma ), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei. Finapp uses its gamma-ray det... A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol γ or γ\gamma ), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei. Finapp uses its gamma-ray detector to assess BWE - biomass water equivalent - on a large scale and in real time.
GPS (Global Positioning System)
A satellite system used to determine geographic position and deviation. Finapp devices can interroga... A satellite system used to determine geographic position and deviation. Finapp devices can interrogate some GPS receivers then store the GPS position data. Knowing the location is critical for geo ref... A satellite system used to determine geographic position and deviation. Finapp devices can interrogate some GPS receivers then store the GPS position data. Knowing the location is critical for geo referencing the neutron and muon counts that are the basis of Finapp soil moisture maps and the pre-localtion of water losses along aqueducts.
H
I
IRRIGATION ADVICE
The amount of water needed for irrigation at any moment depends on four factors: soil moisture level... The amount of water needed for irrigation at any moment depends on four factors: soil moisture level, soil type, crop type and its phenological phase, weather forecast. There are many companies that p... The amount of water needed for irrigation at any moment depends on four factors: soil moisture level, soil type, crop type and its phenological phase, weather forecast. There are many companies that provide irrigation advice, but none have any real knowledge of soil moisture because the FDR/TDR probes provide representative data of a few cm, while the satellite cannot penetrate deep into the soil....
L
Landslides
Landslides, also known as landslips, are several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range... Landslides, also known as landslips, are several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, shallow or deep-seated slope failures, mudflows, and debris... Landslides, also known as landslips, are several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, shallow or deep-seated slope failures, mudflows, and debris flows. Gravity is the primary driving force for a landslide to occur, but there are other factors affecting slope stability that produce specific conditions that make a slope prone to failure. In man...
LoRa
The acronym LoRa refers to a long-range telecommunications technology, better known as LoRaWAN (Low... The acronym LoRa refers to a long-range telecommunications technology, better known as LoRaWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network). The Finapp probe integrates within it a module for data transmission and r... The acronym LoRa refers to a long-range telecommunications technology, better known as LoRaWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network). The Finapp probe integrates within it a module for data transmission and reception with LoRa protocol.
M
Muons
An unstable subatomic particle of the same class as an electron (a lepton), but with a mass around 2... An unstable subatomic particle of the same class as an electron (a lepton), but with a mass around 200 times greater. Muons make up much of the cosmic radiation reaching the earth's surface. For Finap... An unstable subatomic particle of the same class as an electron (a lepton), but with a mass around 200 times greater. Muons make up much of the cosmic radiation reaching the earth's surface. For Finapp, muons are misunderstood particles, and therefore not considered by the CRNS community. Until the day Finapp realized that it could be used to easily and cheaply calculate how many fast neutrons rea...
N
NOT INVASIVE AND WITHOUT CONTACT MEASUREMENT
With non-invasive measurement means an investigation that does not change the object being analyzed... With non-invasive measurement means an investigation that does not change the object being analyzed in any way. Non-contact is an investigation that does not involve physical contact between the objec... With non-invasive measurement means an investigation that does not change the object being analyzed in any way. Non-contact is an investigation that does not involve physical contact between the object being analyzed and the instrument analyzing it. Finapp probes, installed 2m above the ground, measure soil moisture without being in contact with it and without altering its structure in any way.
P
Probe
A device used to send back information. Finapp uses CRNS probes to measure the water content on larg... A device used to send back information. Finapp uses CRNS probes to measure the water content on large scale, in depth and in real time. A device used to send back information. Finapp uses CRNS probes to measure the water content on large scale, in depth and in real time.
R
RAIN GAUGE
Rain gauge is a device used for measuring rainfall. Rain gauge is a device used for measuring rainfall. Rain gauge is a device used for measuring rainfall.
Relative Humidity (RH)
Relative humidity (RH) (expressed as a percent) also measures water vapor, but RELATIVE to the tempe... Relative humidity (RH) (expressed as a percent) also measures water vapor, but RELATIVE to the temperature of the air. In other words, it is a measure of the actual amount of water vapor in the air co... Relative humidity (RH) (expressed as a percent) also measures water vapor, but RELATIVE to the temperature of the air. In other words, it is a measure of the actual amount of water vapor in the air compared to the total amount of vapor that can exist in the air at its current temperature.
RISK
Risk, in the field of civil protection, is the product of: Hazard x Vulnerability x Exposed Value: H... Risk, in the field of civil protection, is the product of: Hazard x Vulnerability x Exposed Value: Hazard is the probability that a phenomenon - like flood, land slide, fire - will occur over a certai... Risk, in the field of civil protection, is the product of: Hazard x Vulnerability x Exposed Value: Hazard is the probability that a phenomenon - like flood, land slide, fire - will occur over a certain period of time, in a given area. The vulnerability of an element (people, buildings, infrastructure, economic activities) is the propensity to suffer damage as a result of an adverse event. Exposed...
S
SALINITY / ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY (EC)
Electrical resistivity (also called volume resistivity or specific electrical resistance) is a funda... Electrical resistivity (also called volume resistivity or specific electrical resistance) is a fundamental specific property of a material that measures its electrical resistance or how strongly it re... Electrical resistivity (also called volume resistivity or specific electrical resistance) is a fundamental specific property of a material that measures its electrical resistance or how strongly it resists electric current. Soil resistivity is a measure of how much the soil resists or conducts electric current. It is a critical factor in design of systems that rely on passing current through the E...
SDI-12 PROTOCOL
SDI-12 protocol is the communication protocol for transferring data between battery-powered data rec... SDI-12 protocol is the communication protocol for transferring data between battery-powered data recorders and sensors. Sensors can measure one or more parameters, then transmit the data back to the d... SDI-12 protocol is the communication protocol for transferring data between battery-powered data recorders and sensors. Sensors can measure one or more parameters, then transmit the data back to the data logger following the SDI-12 protocol. Both the sensor and the data logger must follow the protocol specifications. It means “Serial Data Interface at 1200 baud”. Finapp integrates the SDI-12 proto...
SNOW PILLOW
A snow pillow is a device for measuring snowpack, especially for automated reporting stations. The s... A snow pillow is a device for measuring snowpack, especially for automated reporting stations. The snow pillow measures the water equivalent of the snow pack based on the weight of the overlying snow.... A snow pillow is a device for measuring snowpack, especially for automated reporting stations. The snow pillow measures the water equivalent of the snow pack based on the weight of the overlying snow. It represented the standard for automatic SWE measurements despite various limitations such as not very precise measurements for bridging phenomena, significant sizes and weights, need for perfectly...
SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT (SWE)
Measurement of the amount of water contained in snow pack. Result in mm of water. When the SWE incre... Measurement of the amount of water contained in snow pack. Result in mm of water. When the SWE increases, the intensity of natural background neutrons decreases. Measurement of the amount of water contained in snow pack. Result in mm of water. When the SWE increases, the intensity of natural background neutrons decreases.
SOIL MOISTURE
Soil Moisture (SM) is “the total amount of water, including the water vapor, in an unsaturated soil.... Soil Moisture (SM) is “the total amount of water, including the water vapor, in an unsaturated soil.” Soil moisture —sometimes also called soil water — represents the water in land surfaces that is no... Soil Moisture (SM) is “the total amount of water, including the water vapor, in an unsaturated soil.” Soil moisture —sometimes also called soil water — represents the water in land surfaces that is not in rivers, lakes, or groundwater, but instead resides in the pores of the soil. The level of soil moisture is determined by a host of factors beyond weather conditions, including soil type and assoc...
SOIL SATURATION
Soil Saturation is the threshold at which all the pores (empty spaces between the solid soil particl... Soil Saturation is the threshold at which all the pores (empty spaces between the solid soil particles) are filled with water. The VWC at this threshold varies from 30 percent in sandy soils to 60 per... Soil Saturation is the threshold at which all the pores (empty spaces between the solid soil particles) are filled with water. The VWC at this threshold varies from 30 percent in sandy soils to 60 percent in clay soils. It is one of the key parameters for providing proper irrigation advice.
Soil surface moisture
Soil surface moisture is the water found in the upper 10 cm of the soil, while root zone moisture is... Soil surface moisture is the water found in the upper 10 cm of the soil, while root zone moisture is the water available to plants, generally considered to be in the upper 200 cm of the soil. Soil surface moisture is the water found in the upper 10 cm of the soil, while root zone moisture is the water available to plants, generally considered to be in the upper 200 cm of the soil.
SOIL TEXTURE
Soil texture is classified by the fractions of each soil separate (sand, silt, and clay) present in... Soil texture is classified by the fractions of each soil separate (sand, silt, and clay) present in a soil.The twelve classifications are sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silt, sandy cla... Soil texture is classified by the fractions of each soil separate (sand, silt, and clay) present in a soil.The twelve classifications are sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silt, sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, and clay Soil type determines the water-holding capacity and thus the moisture content of the soil. It is an extremely localized parameter w...
SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
An irrigation sprinkler is a device used to irrigate (water) agricultural crops, lawns, landscapes,... An irrigation sprinkler is a device used to irrigate (water) agricultural crops, lawns, landscapes, golf courses, and other areas. Sprinkler irrigation system allows application of water under high p... An irrigation sprinkler is a device used to irrigate (water) agricultural crops, lawns, landscapes, golf courses, and other areas. Sprinkler irrigation system allows application of water under high pressure with the help of a pump. It releases water similar to rainfall through a small diameter nozzle placed in the pipes. Water is distributed through a system of pipes, sprayed into air and irrigat...
SURFACE SOIL WATER CONTENT (SWC)
Soil water content (WC) refers to the amount of water in the soil, whereas available water content (... Soil water content (WC) refers to the amount of water in the soil, whereas available water content (AWC) refers to the amount of water in the soil profile that can be used by plants Soil water content (WC) refers to the amount of water in the soil, whereas available water content (AWC) refers to the amount of water in the soil profile that can be used by plants
T
TENSIOMETERS (SOIL MATRIC POTENTIAL SENSORS)
Soil matric potential (SMP) is realistic criterion for measuring soil water availability to plants a... Soil matric potential (SMP) is realistic criterion for measuring soil water availability to plants as it constitutes the force with which water is held by soil matrix (soil particles and pore space) a... Soil matric potential (SMP) is realistic criterion for measuring soil water availability to plants as it constitutes the force with which water is held by soil matrix (soil particles and pore space) and is measured by tensiometer.
Thermal neutron (TN)
Thermal neutron indicates any free neutron (one that is not bound within an atomic nucleus) that has... Thermal neutron indicates any free neutron (one that is not bound within an atomic nucleus) that has an average energy of motion (kinetic energy) corresponding to the average energy of the particles o... Thermal neutron indicates any free neutron (one that is not bound within an atomic nucleus) that has an average energy of motion (kinetic energy) corresponding to the average energy of the particles of the ambient materials. Relatively slow and of low energy, thermal neutrons exhibit properties, such as large cross sections in fission, that make them desirable in certain chain-reaction application...
Time Domain Transmissometry (TDT)
The term "Time Domain Transmissometry" (TDT) describes the measurement methods used to characterize... The term "Time Domain Transmissometry" (TDT) describes the measurement methods used to characterize the quality of signal transmission. In Time Domain Transmissometry, the time required for an electro... The term "Time Domain Transmissometry" (TDT) describes the measurement methods used to characterize the quality of signal transmission. In Time Domain Transmissometry, the time required for an electromagnetic wave to propagate along a given length of the transmission line is measured. TDT measures the propagation time of an electrical pulse from the beginning to the end of the loop. Similar to TDR...
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (TDS)
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are all the good and bad elements in your drinking water. These can be... Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are all the good and bad elements in your drinking water. These can be organic and inorganic substances such as minerals, salts, metals, cations, or anions dissolved in wa... Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) are all the good and bad elements in your drinking water. These can be organic and inorganic substances such as minerals, salts, metals, cations, or anions dissolved in water. The TDS level is measured in parts per million (PPM) and milligrams per liter (mg/L)
V
VOLUMETRIC WATER CONTENT (VWC)
The volumetric water content is the ratio of the volume of water to the unit volume of soil. Volumet... The volumetric water content is the ratio of the volume of water to the unit volume of soil. Volumetric water content can be expressed as ratio, percentage or depth of water per depth of soil (assumin... The volumetric water content is the ratio of the volume of water to the unit volume of soil. Volumetric water content can be expressed as ratio, percentage or depth of water per depth of soil (assuming a unit surface area), such as inches of water per foot of soil. Finapp probe returns volumetric soil moisture if the bulk density is known.
W
WATER POTENTIAL
Water potential is the potential energy with which water is retained by the soil and, therefore, the... Water potential is the potential energy with which water is retained by the soil and, therefore, the work that must be done by the plant to absorb it. Water potential is the potential energy with which water is retained by the soil and, therefore, the work that must be done by the plant to absorb it.
WEATHER FORECAST
Weather forecast are the application of knowledge of atmospheric science and technology to predict t... Weather forecast are the application of knowledge of atmospheric science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere (weather) at a future time and at a specific place. Weather prediction is... Weather forecast are the application of knowledge of atmospheric science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere (weather) at a future time and at a specific place. Weather prediction is calculated by numerical forecasting models, which are mathematical models of the Earth's atmosphere that use current weather conditions (atmospheric state) as input or initialization and the fundamen...
WEATHER STATION
An application-specific data acquisition system that monitors meteorological conditions. Finapp stat... An application-specific data acquisition system that monitors meteorological conditions. Finapp stations could eventually include a limited quantity of meteorological sensors (for example, rain gauge,... An application-specific data acquisition system that monitors meteorological conditions. Finapp stations could eventually include a limited quantity of meteorological sensors (for example, rain gauge, temperature and RH probe, punctual soil moisture probe, wind vane, anemometer, and pyranometer).
WILD FOREST FIRE
Wildfire, forest fire, bushfire, wildland fire or rural fire is an unplanned, uncontrolled and unpre... Wildfire, forest fire, bushfire, wildland fire or rural fire is an unplanned, uncontrolled and unpredictable fire in an area of combustible vegetation. The fire danger indicators currently presented o... Wildfire, forest fire, bushfire, wildland fire or rural fire is an unplanned, uncontrolled and unpredictable fire in an area of combustible vegetation. The fire danger indicators currently presented on the Global Early Warning System for Wildland Fires are components of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index (FWI) System. Finapp, with large-scale, in-depth, real-time knowledge of soil moisture, is...
WILTING POINT
Water content in a soil when most cultivated plants can no longer extract water from it. It is one o... Water content in a soil when most cultivated plants can no longer extract water from it. It is one of the key parameters for providing proper irrigation advice. Water content in a soil when most cultivated plants can no longer extract water from it. It is one of the key parameters for providing proper irrigation advice.